miracle~*良知&健康是最高的財富

 
TOi，2021.06，No. 12614
Original from Dunhuang
size: 70x50 cm
Made in China

購自高雄貓公寓

對圖太痛苦了，這幅綠綠~就跳過吧!

TOi與敦煌研究院合作出品(Dunhuang Academy)
敦煌研究院總算找到品質優良的拼圖商了!!

https://www.e-dunhuang.com/cave/10.0001/0001.0001.0061

归义军节度使曹元忠夫妇于十世纪中期所建的功德窟，宋代重修部分壁画。位于莫高窟南区中段下层，莫高窟大型洞窟之一。覆斗形殿堂窟，窟中央有二层台式中心方坛。在敦煌文献中，又被称为“文殊堂”。主室窟顶绘巨大的华盖式藻井，中心为五莲团龙鹦鹉。四披中心绘说法图，周围满绘千佛。窟顶四角各有一圆拱形凹壁，内分绘四大天王。即，顶东南角绘东方提头赖吒天王(大部毁)，西南角绘南方毗琉璃天王，西北角绘西方毗楼博叉天王，东北角绘北方毗沙门天王。南壁、北壁和东壁上部总共绘有11 铺大乘经变，下部绘佛传故事画和供养人形象。其中，西壁上部通壁绘长达13米、高3.6米的大幅《五台山图》，南壁和北壁上部各绘五铺经变画。在南、西、北三壁的下方又绘有三十三扇连屏式佛传故事画，共有128个画面，全画总长28、7米，幅画画并附文字榜题128则。在东壁、南壁、北壁还保存了数十个曹氏家族女供养人图像和题记。中心佛坛上塑像俱毁，仅背屏上留有四处狮子蹄痕，背屏上还遗留狮子尾巴的残迹。佛坛狮足两侧各有两圆形座痕，狮足迹两侧和前方各有二较小座痕，上层坛上两侧的前方，各有两像痕。东壁上部绘维摩诘经变一铺，下部绘供养人形象。盝形顶甬道，顶中央画六联环团花图案，南、北披画缨络垂幔。甬道南、北壁现存有元代所绘炽盛光佛、诸星图、十二天宫以及助缘僧、尼等形象，道并有西夏文和汉文对照的供养人题记。甬道东部顶南侧为63窟，东部顶北侧为62窟，此二窟为隋代修建，在凿建第61窟时受到破坏。现在甬道东端抬头可见此二窟。元代在此窟前室及窟前曾建皇庆寺，后西宁王速来蛮于1351年重修。
The hall cave was sponsored by the couple of Cao Yuanzhong, military governor of the Gui-yi-jun regime as their family temple in the tenth century, part of the murals were renovated in the Song dynasty. It is located at the lower level on the middle section of the Southern Area at Mogao and it is one of the largest caves at Mogao, consisting of a front chamber, a corridor and a main chamber. There is a two-stepped central altar in the center of the hall. It is called the hall of Manjusri in Dunhuang documents. The main chamber has a truncated pyramidal ceiling, and the ceiling center features a large parasol motif, in the center of the parasol are five lotuses, a entwining dragon and parrots. On the four slopes are preaching scenes surrounded by the thousand Buddha motifs. The four arch recesses in the four corners of the ceiling respectively depict the four great heavenly kings, namely, Dhrtarastra in the southeast recess, Virudhaka (mostly damaged) in southwest, Virupaksa in the northwest, and Vaisravana in the northeast recess. On the south, north, and east walls are eleven sutra illustration altogether and below these illustrations are Buddha\'s life stories and donor figures. The whole west wall is covered with a large-sized map of Mt Wutai (13 meters long and 3.6 meters high). On the upper part of each sidewall are five sutra illustrations, below them are thirty-three screen paintings illustrating Buddha\'s life stories. There are also tens of donor figures of the Cao family and inscriptions preserved on the east, north and south walls. The statues on the central altar are completely destroyed, only the traces of the paws of a lion can be seen on the back screen on which traces of some images are visible. On the upper part of the east wall is a Vimalakirti sutra illustration and below are donor figures. On the ceiling of the corridor is a six-fold medallion pattern with draperies on the two slopes. On the south and north walls of the corridor are images of Tejaprobaha Buddha and Eleven Star Gods, the zodiac, and alms-begging monks and nuns. There are inscriptions in both Tangut and Chinese. In the Yuan dynasty, the Huangqing Temple was built in front of the cave, which was renovated in 1351 by Suleiman Khan, King of Xining.

莫高窟 第0061窟 主室 北壁(中圖)/五代 Five Dynasties(A.D.907-960)

分上下两部分。上部绘五铺大型经变。自西向东依次绘有密严经变、天请问经变、药师经变、华严经变、思益梵天请问经变。经变的构图图式均沿袭前期经变画的固定图式，即封闭式、开放式和对称式三种基本形式其中《华严经变》画面分上下两部分，上部分描佛于“七处九会”说法的场景，下部分表现“莲华藏庄严世界海”。每一处内容皆有详细的榜题说明。下部分东起依次绘女性供养人16身、屏风画佛传故事9扇。佛传故事画西起第一扇“夜半逾城”等、第二扇“太子剃发出家”等、第三扇“车匿回城”等、第四扇“乳靡供奉”等、第五扇“树下降魔”等、第六“初转法轮”等、第七“度脱人、天”等、第八“树下涅槃”等、第九“供养舍利”等。
Mogao Grottoes Cave 061 Main Chamber North Wall
The south wall is divided into a upper section and a lower section. The upper section depict five sutra illustrations, namely the Ghanavyuha-sutra, sutra of Deva\'s questions, sutra of the Medicine Buddha, the Garland Sutra, and the Visesacintabrahma-pariprccha sutra illustrations from west to east, all followed the fixed pattern of previous sutra illustration in composition. There are three basic composition: enclosed frame, open frame and symmetrical structure. Among them, the garland sutra illustration is divided into a upper part and a lower part, respectively describing the scenes of nine assemblies in seven places and the Avatamsaka sea. Each scene has a cartouche in detail. Below them are sixteen female donors and nine screen paintings illustrating the nine events of Buddha\'s life: the Great Departure, the torsure, Channa going back to the city; being provided with milk; defeating Mara, the First Preaching, liberating human beings and celestial beings; Nirvana under the trees, worshipping the relics of the Buddha.