拼圖~500pcs 璀璨敦煌系列：第217窟-淨士樓閣 Mogao Grottoes Cave 217 @ miracle~*良知&健康是最高的財富

TOi，2021.06，No. 12619
Original from Dunhuang
size: 50x35 cm
Made in China

TOi與敦煌研究院合作出品(Dunhuang Academy)
敦煌研究院總算找到品質優良的拼圖商了!!

https://www.e-dunhuang.com/cave/10.0001/0001.0001.0217

莫高窟第217窟盛唐(公元713年-766年)

该窟建于唐前期的景龙年间（707-710），也即敦煌历史上的初、盛唐之交。此窟为唐代敦煌望族阴氏家族所建的功德窟。晚唐、五代重修部分壁画，清重修塑像。主室为覆斗型顶，窟顶藻井绘团花井心，卷草、垂幔铺于四披，四披绘千佛（部分被毁）；西壁开一平顶敞口龛，龛内现存唐塑清修趺坐佛一身、菩萨画像四身，弟子画像八身，龛外南侧北侧各绘菩萨一身。龛北土台南向面存唐代敦煌望族瓜州刺史阴嗣璋家族的嗣琼、嗣王供养画像及题名。南壁画面中央方框内绘佛说法图。说法图上部绘须弥山，山上有八座殿堂建筑，说法图的东西两侧及下方绘有30多幅以绿色山野为背景，含有人物和建筑的小画面。各画面都有一条或数条长条形榜题，文字不识。说法图下方中央有一方榜题，部分文字可判读。壁面下部剥落严重，壁面右下方绘胡貌形象人物一身。学术界对该壁画面内容的认识也存在争论，有“法华经变说”和“佛顶尊胜陀罗尼经变说”。本解说以“佛顶尊胜陀罗尼经变说”为准。北壁通壁绘观无量寿经变一铺，画面大体分为三部分，中部的阿弥陀净土、西侧和下部的未生怨、东侧的十六观。东壁通壁绘法华经变观音普门品。东壁门上正中绘释迦在灵鹫山说法场面。南北两侧上部主要绘观音救诸难，下部绘观音三十三现身。门北沿有五代时期抹壁改绘一身比丘洪认供养像。甬道为盝形顶，南北披晚唐绘地藏与十王各五身。南北壁画供养人各二身。前室残，后代重绘。

Constructed in the Jinglong era (707-710), namely the end of the Early Tang and the beginning of the High Tang, this cave was constructed as the family temple by the Yin Family at Dunhuang. Part of the paintings was renovated in the Later Tang and the Five Dyansties, and the statues were renovated in the Qing dynasty. The main chamber has a truncated pyramidal ceiling which features a medallion pattern in the center enclosed by the twisted vines and draperies that extend to the four slopes covered with the thousand Buddha motifs (partly damaged). There is a niche with a flat entrance in the west wall housing a seated Buddha renovated in the Qing dynasty, and painted images of four bodhisattvas and eight disciples. A bodhisattva is painted on each side of the niche. The south side of the adobe platform on the north side of the niche has an inscription with the portraits and titles of the Yin Family members, Yin Ciqiong and Yin Ciwang. Inside the central frame on the south wall is a preaching scene, in which Mt. Sumeru is painted in the upper with eight temple halls stand on it. The two sides and below the preaching scene are covered with more than 30 scenes of figures and buildings in the landscape context, and each scene has one or several cartouches with unidentified words. The middle part below the preaching scene is a cartouche with some words identified. The lower parts show severe flaking and loss of paint. There is an alien-styled figure on the lower right side. Opinions about the contents of the murals differ: some consider it was executed according to the Lotus Sutra, while some think it is based on the Usnisa Vijaya Dharani Sutra. We accept that the content is according to the USnisa Vijaya Dharani Sutra. The whole north wall is covered with the Amitayus sutra illustration, which consists of three parts: the pure land of Amitabha in the center, the story between Binbisara and Ajatsatru on the west side and the Sixteen Meditations on the east side. The whole east wall is devoted to the illustration of the Universal Gate of the Lotus Sutra. Right above the entrance is a preaching scene of Sakyamuni on the Vulture Peak. The upper parts of the both sides of the entrance are used for scenes of Avalokitesvara saving people from disasters while the lower parts have images of the thirty-three manifestations of Avalokitesvara. Along the entrance on the north side is an image of bhiksu Hong Ren painted in the Five Dynasties. The tent-like ceiling of the corridor has two slopes containing the images of Ksitigabha and Ten Kings painted in the Later Tang. The front chamber was repainted in later dynasties and it is severely damaged.

莫高窟第217窟主室北壁
北壁通壁绘观无量寿经变一铺，画面大体分为三部分，中部的阿弥陀净土、西侧和下部的未生怨、东侧十六观。壁面中部为阿弥陀佛净土，居中绘主尊阿弥陀佛，佛结跏趺坐于莲花宝座上，左右各有胁侍菩萨两身。两侧平台上绘以观音或大势至为首的菩萨群像。阿弥陀佛的上部绘宏伟的大型建筑群，中间是前、后佛殿。后佛殿两侧有回廊环绕，并自成一小院，前佛殿院中两边各有四座建筑，其中西侧的一座为钟台，东侧的一座为经台。壁面的西侧上部绘佛在灵鹫山说法，并放眉间相光现十方诸佛的场面，这一场面占去了西侧未生怨的一些壁面，未生怨因而向阿弥陀净土下方延伸，并与东侧十六观画面相联接。西侧未生怨自上而下，从东到西，描绘阿阇世王子发动宫廷政变、囚禁国王、韦提希夫人璎珞盛果浆身藏米面探望国王、佛陀从入宫说法等场景。东侧十六观自上而下描绘韦提希夫人观日、观楼台、观水等场景。

The whole north wall is covered with the Amitayus sutra illustration, which consists of a middle part and two side scene respectively for the pure land of Amitabha in the center, the Sixteen Meditations on the east and the stories between Binbisara and Ajatsatru on the west. Amitabha sits in a lotus throne in the center, flanked by two attendant bodhisattvas. On the side platforms are groups of bodhisattvas led respectively by Avalokitesvara and Mahasthamaprapta. There is a group of grand buildings above Amitabha. The middle group includes the front and back halls. The back hall are enclosed by corridors on both sides, forming an independent yard. There are four buildings in the yard of the front temple, and one of those on the west side is bell tower, and the one on the east side is a scripture tower. On the upper part of the west side is the preaching scene of the Buddha on Vulture Peak, and Buddhas from the ten directions are manifested from between his eyebrows. This scene occupies some space of the side scenes used for the story between Binbisara and Ajatsatru, so the story extends to the lower part of the Amitabha\'s pure land and connects with the scenes of the Sixteen Meditations on the west side. The story goes on from the east to the west: Prince Ajatsatru led a palace coup, prisoned King Bimbisara, Lady Vedehi saw the King with food, and the Buddha preached in the palace. The Sixteen Meditations on the east side include the scenes of Lady Vaidehi\'s visualizations on the Sun, the Pavilion and the water from top down.

樓閣台階構造